WHAT IS STOMACH ULCER?
A stomach ulcer, also known as a gastric ulcer, is a sore or lesion that forms on the lining of the stomach. It is a type of peptic ulcer, which refers to ulcers that occur in the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum).
Causes of Stomach Ulcers:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection: This is a common bacterial infection that weakens the stomach’s protective mucus, allowing acid to damage the stomach lining.
- Long-term Use of NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs): Medications like ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen can irritate the stomach lining and reduce the production of protective mucus, leading to ulcers.
- Excess Stomach Acid Production: Conditions like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome can lead to an overproduction of stomach acid, which can contribute to the development of ulcers.
- Lifestyle Factors: Stress, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption can also contribute to the development or worsening of ulcers by irritating the stomach lining.
Symptoms of a Stomach Ulcer:
- Burning or Gnawing Pain: Typically felt in the middle or upper stomach area, often occurring between meals or at night.
- Bloating: Feeling full or bloated after eating.
- Heartburn: A burning sensation that may rise from the stomach to the chest.
- Nausea or Vomiting: In severe cases, ulcers may cause nausea or vomiting.
- Dark or Bloody Stools: A sign of internal bleeding from the ulcer.
- Vomiting Blood: May appear as bright red blood or material that looks like coffee grounds, indicating bleeding in the stomach.
Complications of Stomach Ulcers:
If left untreated, stomach ulcers can lead to serious complications such as:
- Internal bleeding: Can cause anemia or may be life-threatening if severe.
- Perforation: The ulcer can create a hole in the stomach wall, leading to an emergency condition called peritonitis.
- Gastric Outlet Obstruction: Inflammation or scarring from the ulcer can block the passage of food, leading to vomiting and weight loss.
Diagnosis and Treatment:
- Diagnosis: Stomach ulcers are often diagnosed through endoscopy, where a thin tube with a camera is used to examine the stomach. A test for H. pylori infection (breath, blood, or stool test) may also be done.
- Treatment:
- Antibiotics: If H. pylori infection is present.
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): To reduce stomach acid and promote healing.
- H2-Receptor Antagonists: Also reduce stomach acid production.
- Antacids: Provide short-term relief by neutralizing stomach acid.
- Discontinuation of NSAIDs: If they are contributing to the ulcer.
Making lifestyle changes, such as avoiding spicy foods, alcohol, and smoking, and managing stress, can also help manage and prevent ulcers.
Natural Remedy:
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